A small percentage (0.3-3%) of pregnant women develop “hyperemesis gravidarum.”1
What’s That?
It’s basically morning sickness on steroids. Hyperemesis gravidarum causes women to vomit so much that they lose weight and get dehydrated. They may also develop nutritional deficiencies and electrolyte imbalances.
When Does Hyperemesis Gravidarum Happen During Pregnancy?
It usually occurs during the first trimester, but, in some cases, it spills over into the 2nd trimester.
Why Does Hyperemesis Gravidarum Happen?
Hyperemesis gravidarum is thought to be caused by high pregnancy hormone levels, namely elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
What are the Signs of Hyperemesis Gravidarum?
1. Severe vomiting throughout the day (there’s nothing “morning” about this sickness).
2. Progressive weight loss (in which women lose 5% or more of their pre-pregnancy weight).
3. Dehydration.
Signs of Dehydration Include: Dark concentrated urine, not peeing for 8 hours or more, fatigue, and fainting (if severe).
Will the Hyperemesis Gravidarum Affect My Developing Baby?
The (sort-of) good news is that YOU are more likely to be affected by hyperemesis gravidarum than your baby.
Why? Because your baby is essentially a tiny parasite who takes what they need nutrition-wise, leaving you with the leftovers.
How is Hyperemesis Gravidarum Managed?
- Women with hyperemesis gravidarum often end up in the ER as a result of their worsening dehydration. In the ER they’re given IV fluids and high-powered anti-nausea medications. If the dehydration is severe, an overnight stay (or two) in the hospital may be needed.
- Vitamin B6 supplements (10-25 mg three times a day) can alleviate the nausea that accompanies hyperemesis gravidarum. Ask your doctor about “doxylamine-pyridoxine” pills as well. These pills are a combo of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and doxylamine (an antihistamine).
- The Good News: As with regular morning sickness, time cures hyperemesis gravidarum.
The Bottom Line
If you develop excessive vomiting during your pregnancy, let your doctor know. It’s important for them to examine you and to rule out other potential causes of your barfing. It’s easy to blame the vomiting on your pregnancy (which is probably what’s at fault), but your doctor doesn’t want to miss something non-pregnancy related (like appendicitis).
